11^th Annual Conference on Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine

Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells iPSC are originated from skin or blood cells that have been reprogrammed back into an embryonic like pluripotent cells that enables the increase of an unlimited source of any type of human cell needed for therapeutic purposes. iPS cells plays an important role in regenerative medicine. They can become many different types of cells and tissues that can help in damage repair due to trauma or disease. Recent study shows that the iPS cells training the immune system to attack or even prevent tumours.  Ten years ago, adult cells were genetically reprogrammed to behave like pluripotent stem cells. To produce the vaccine for cancer, the researchers turned to induced pluripotent stem cells.  The main aim of the study is to vaccinate a person with his or her own iPS cells to protect against the development of many types of cancer. The iPS cells mimic Anti-Cancer vaccine because, since the cancer cells resemble immature progenitor cells,...

The damage of organs and tissues through diseases leads to the advancement of therapies that can regenerate tissues. Regenerative Medicine is a combination of both engineering and life science fields applied together. It has the potential to heal /replace tissues and organs damaged by trauma, disease or age and also to normalize congenital defects. The field of regenerative medicine includes numerous approaches. It is also working to find answers for organs or tissues that become permanently damaged. The objective of this field is to find a way to cure previously un-treatable diseases and injuries. It also decreases dependence on transplantation. Applications:   Tissue Engineering and Biomaterials   Cellular Therapies   Medical Devices and Artificial Organs Latest Advancements in the field of Regenerative Medicine using  Stem  Cells: ·         New approach in stem cell therapy which can restore...

Cancer Stem Cell Cancer stem cell rise too many cells like tumor, therefore form a tumor Cancer stem cells are immolating cells. That can divide and. Such type cells have been found in human tumor. Might be targets for cancer treatments .There may be similarities between cancer stem cell and normal stem cell. Cancer stem cells have possibility to transform .cancer is identified in bone marrow .leukemia is major cancer disease in stem cell. Leukemia is most commonly diagnosed in children and adult. These are first identified in bone marrow. Cancer stem cell are initiating with leukemia. Cancer stem cells are rare in number and undifferentiated potential. There are many stages in cancer stem cells and the stem cells are heterogeneous. Stem cell survives much longer than normal cells .there is a chance to accumulate the genetic mutations. Stem cells are key to our normal development through adult hood. This determines how our organs muscles are formed and how they ...

Regenerative Medicine is used to Replace tissues and Organs which are been damaged by disease. It also helpful for the permanent damaged organs. This can be done through the cell based therapy or by using cell products. Most of the regenerative medicine is depend upon the endogenous developmental or repair process and stem cell plays a main role in regenerative medicine. And they are integral part of the Regenerative Medicine. The ability of stem cell is currently being researched by the doctors and scientists it can cure untreatable diseases like diabetes, heart failure stem cell also important in drug testing .These are used in Joints, Muscle pain, Ligaments. Regenerative Injection Treatment are using autologous platelet or plasma or bone marrow Tissue engineer is the branch of regenerative medicine. Cells are building block of tissues and Tissues are the main function in the body .Tissue engineering and Regenerative Medicine is the regeneration of cells and tissues and b...

Cartilage-Hair Hypoplasia One of the rarest genetic disease is Cartilage-Hair Hypoplasia characterisation characteristically, it lead to skeletal deformities and a weak immune system. It also affects in short stature (dwarfism) Primary alopecia condition is been generated by the disease having no pigment by the light fine hair. 15% of people are affected by this condition. Symptoms include: fine, sparse hair and eyebrows skeletal and spinal abnormalities short limb dwarfism anaemia low levels of white blood cells The inherited autosomal recessive is Cartilage-Hair Hypoplasia. Its means that this disease is been carried by both parents but generally no sign of it is been shown by their own. By uniparental disomy it can be inherited but in rare cases. That means instead of inheriting one copy from each parent the child inherits copies two chromosome from only one parent. In Amish or Finnish population, the Cartilage-Hair Hypoplasia is been seen the most. Both male ...

How Cancer Persists Stem cells are found in numerous tissues in the body, its life span is limited unlike with all other regular cells. They have the ability of dividing and renovate themselves for long time period. There unspecialized character justifies that ensuring cells convert into different cell type on time when one cell divides. Like, stem cells inside the bone marrow have ability of becoming bone. Fat and blood cells Likewise, there is believed that cancer stem cell is present in the main part of tumour, in the other hand there growth is also undefined and ability of self-renovate till they convert into new cancer cells. The major tumours treatment leaves cancer stem cell unmarked. Cancer stem cell can move undetectably even after treatment of major tumours effectively to the blood stream by the immune system to generate new tumours. This process is known as metastasis. These minor tumours become more aggressive year after and it’s really difficult to treat them. ...

Spinal cord consist of class of neuron named as sensory interneurons, this neurons plays the lead role in communicating information between parts of body and central nervous system, through which sense of touch is been enabled. Paralyzed people are seriously affected by the lack of touch. Scientists added a precise bone morphogenetic protein named as BMP4, and retinoic acid which is another signalling molecule, containing two type of mixture of sensory interneurons towards human embryonic stem cell i.e. sense that body is in space is a proprioception is given by DI 1 sensory interneurons on the other side DI3 sensory interneurons assist tem for feeling sense of pressure To convincing pluripotent stem cell the scientists found duplicate mixture of sensory interneurons which established while adding similar signalling molecules, this are formed by reprogramming the mature cells (skin cells) of patients. The method of reprogramming has ability of creating any cell type with main...

Kidney not only produce urine but also plays major role in blood pressure control, that’s why it’s an important organ for living , if it get damaged or lost functionality it no longer regenerated. The main functional unit of Kidney is glomeruli and tubules , which are generated from Kidney progenitor cell during fetal life. The major reason why kidney cannot be able to regenerate is because the progenitor cell are lost before or soon after kidney development completes Researchers reported that with the help of human iPS cell nephrons can be prepared, although for regenerative medicine, precursor cells are required in large amount. Scientists tried for culturing kidney progenitor cells but the problem is that they are not preserved for more than three days. Between 1 to 20 days of culturing the progenitor cells recollect their function and grow up to 1800 times. Generally In vivo this cells disappears within 10 days. Although scientists using there technique through which ...

What is pancreatic stem cell ? Pancreatic progenitor cells are stem cells originating from the developing fore gut endoderm which have potential of differentiating into lineage specific progenitors, thus liable for the  pancreas development. Giving rise to exocrine as well as endocrine cells. Acinar cells are being established from exocrine cells. The Beta cell makes insulin, glucagon is secreted form alpha cells, somatostatin is secreted form delta cell while pancreatic polypeptide is secreted by PP-cells. Pancreatic stem cells have ability of regenerating beta cells It has been confirmed by the researchers that human pancreas contain progenitor cells stimulates by developing into glucose responsive beta cells. Thus, researchers are finding way towards rising regenerative cell therapies for type 1 diabetes patients. This will be a major challenge that stands in the way of inventing biological treatment for the disease. For the decades it has been postulated ...

           Can Multiple Sclerosis be treated by Neural Stem Cells? Multiple sclerosis Multiple sclerosis is an autoimmune disease in which the body's immune system attacks its own tissues and disables the Brain and Spinal cord. And this immune system malfunction destroys myelin. It isn't clear why MS develops in some people and not others. A combination of genetics and environmental factors appears to be responsible. Symptoms Signs and symptoms of multiple sclerosis may vary from person to person and over the course of the disease depending on the location of affected nerve fibers. ·          Numbness or weakness in one or more limbs that typically occurs on one side of your body at     a time, or the legs and trunk ·          Prolonged double vision ·          Pain in parts of of your body ·...

Are Histone acts as a key for male Fertility?  Histone Histones have emerged as key players in the regulation of gene expression. However, that PTMs can directly impact chromatin it has been suggested that PTMs of core histones (H2A, H2B, H3, and H4) have the potential to govern chromatin function according to the so-called “histone code” hypothesis by recruiting specific binding proteins. combinations of histone marks at promoters and enhancers correlate with the developmental potential and fate of cells.10,11 In undifferentiated embryonic stem cells (ESCs), pluripotency maintenance genes (e.g., Nanog, Oct4, and Sox2) are marked with high levels of H3K4 methylation at their transcriptional start sites. Research Histones are basic proteins that confer order and structure to DNA and it plays an important role in gene regulation and earlier Researchers have identified that histone BigH1 acts as a key protein in stem cell differentiation to male s...

                   Is there any End to Huntington’s disease? Huntington’s disease is a fatal genetic disorder that causes the tolerant breakdown of nerve cells in the brain. It deteriorates a person’s physical and mental abilities during their prime working years and has no cure. Nowadays there are approximately 30,000 suggestive Americans and more than 200,000 at-risk of causing the disease. Symptoms the initial age is 30 to 50 and it gets chronic in the period between 10 to 25 year. Ultimately, the weakened individual causes to pneumonia, heart failure or other complications. Everyone has the gene that causes Huntington’s disease, but only Huntington’s disease and possibly pass it on to upcoming those that inherit the expansion of the gene will get the generation. Symptoms Include: Personality changes, mood swings & depression Forgetfulness & impaired judgment Unsteady gait...

Are Stem cells and Regenerative medicine living up to their promises? Stem cells are taken from a donor and put them into a patient to treat a disease or injury. Regenerative medicine makes use of cells, bio materials, and molecules to fix structures in the body that do not function properly due to disease or injury. However, however today the treatments of regenerative medicine are very low. However Cell therapies and regenerative medicine improve the health of patients with their potential representing a structural shift in healthcare by focusing on the causes of disease by repairing, replacing, or regenerating damaged cells in the body.                                                                                              ...